如何有效提高初中英语阅读理解的方法
如果想要提高自己的初中英语答题水平的话，我们可以从阅读理解提起，然后再以点概面全面攻略其它题型。今天小编给大家带来有效提高初中英语阅读理解的方法，希望大家喜欢并且能够有所收获。
有效提高初中英语阅读理解的方法
1. 讲究阅读方法
(1)依据主题句定短文的中心：任意一篇文章通常是围绕一个中心展开并且由段落组成的;段落之间有着内在的紧密联系，而表达段落主题的句子叫主题句，通常置于段落的开头，有时在段落末尾和中间;其它的句子是用来说明和阐述主题句的;若把一个个主题句加以整理，你能悟出其中心思想，同时还可以回避、排除个别生词、难句(等困难信号)所带来的干扰，但也有一些文章的中心思想常贯穿在全文中，因而要综观全文，对全文有一个透彻的理解才行。
如：
My friend Matt and I arrived at the Activity Centre on Friday evening. The accommodation wasn’t wonderful, but we had everything we needed (beds, blankets, food ), and we were pleased to be out of the city and in the fresh air.
On Saturday morning we met the other ten members of our group. Cameron had come along with two friends, Kevin and Simon, while sisters Carole and Lynn had come with Amanda. There were some other members I didn’t know. We had come from different places and none of us knew the area.
We knew we were going to spend the weekend outdoors, but none of us was sure exactly how. Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing and then we changed at lunchtime. Matt and I went to the caves (岩洞) first. Climbing out was harder than going in, but after a good deal of pushing, we were out at last. Though we were covered with mud, we were pleased and excited by what we’d done.
This passage mainly talks about ______________.
A. the writer’s friends at the Activity Center
B. the writer’s experience at the Activity Center
C. outdoor sports at the Activity Center
D. how to go rock-climbing and caving
[参考答案B] 上述这段短文的中心是说明“the writer’s experience at the Activity Center.”。作者以及作者的朋友，还有组上的其他一些成员一起在活动中心度周末的一些活动以及感受。
(2) 掌握具体事实和重要细节：阅读文章时，要求学生养成辨认和记忆具体事实、重要细节的习惯。因为具体事实、重要细节是主题句的扩展、补充、说明或例证，是用来支持和说明中心思想的，而且是阅读理解测试的重要组成部分。
如：If someone asks me: “Do you like music?” I’m sure I will answer him or her: “Of course, I do.” because I think music is an important part of our lives.
Different people have different ideas about music. For me, I like rock music because it’s so exciting. And my favorite rock band, the “Foxy Ladies” (酷妹) is one of the most famous rock bands in the world. I also like pop music. My classmate LiLan loves dance music, because she enjoys dancing. My best friend, Jane, likes jazz music (爵士乐). She thinks jazz is really cool.
“I like dance music and rock very much.” says my brother, “because they are amazing.”
But my mother thinks rock is boring. “I like some relaxing (轻松的) music,” she says. That’s why she likes country music, I think.
①The writer likes music because he thinks ____________.
A. it’s an exciting part of our lives
B. it’s an amazing part of our lives
C. it’s an important part of our lives
②What kind of music does the writer like?
A. Rock and pop music. B. Rock and dance music. C. Jazz and country music.
③Who likes dancing?
A. The writer. B. Li Lan. C. Jane.
④The writer’s mother thinks that country music is __________.
A. amazing B. boring C. relaxing
⑤ How many people’s ideas about music are talked about in this passage (短文)?
A. 4. B. 5. C. 6.
这是几道重要事实和细节的辨认题，全是围绕短文的主题句“Different people have different ideas about music”来展开说明的，起补充举例作用。答案分别为 ① C ② A ③ B ④ C ⑤ B。
(3) 运用构词法、语境线索等帮助来推测关键词义：在阅读文章的过程中，常常会遇到一些生词，如果不懂得这些词义就会妨碍理解，但大部分生词的词义是可以根据上下文，结合构词法、借助文章中的语境线索帮助在理解基础上猜测其词义，这有助于加快阅读速度，提高阅读理解能力。如：
Water is all around us. Water is in the ocean. Water is in the lakes and rivers. Water is in the air. There is more water than land on the earth. All living things must have it. We must have it, too. We cannot live without drinking water. Sometimes, we do not have all the water that we need. The land will dry up without water. Sometimes, there can be too much water in the land. If it rains very, very hard, the rain water will run down the hill. It takes some of the land with it when it runs down the hills. It is called erosion when the water takes the land away.
“Erosion” in the passage means ____________.
A. 地震 B. 雪崩 C. 侵蚀 D. 霜冻
根据前面的语句If it rains very, very hard, the rain water will run down the hills. It takes some of the land with it when it runs down the hills.解释可以推知erosion是一种自然地理现象，即“侵蚀”，答案为C。
初中英语各题型高分技巧
1.语法部分，重视个性化学习。
学习得考虑自己的个性化特点，这样才能有很强的针对性。考试前的最个性化的工作就是查漏补缺，每周至少两次复习错题，一遍不够，错题最好安排时间重做，做的同时认真体会，及时归纳梳理，这样才能做到真正理解。例如：用angry的相应形式填入以下空格，Helooked_______whenheheardbadnews.和Helooked_______atmebecauseIwaslateforclassagain。这两题考察的不同的知识点：前一个是look作为联系动词(linkverb)，在这里用angry作表语;后一个是look作为不及物动词(vi。)使用，因此填angrily。如果你能把相关知识点做好整理，就能事半功倍。
2.阅读部分，思考解题方法和技巧。
如今中考试题中单纯涉及文章理解的问题已经很少，而是要求考生能对文章中提到的表层信息点进行整合和推理，有些选项确实是文章中提到的事实，但不一定是问题的答案。所以，对语言综合能力的要求非常高。例如：推断题。学生往往不能直接从文中找到答案，而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的观点、意图、语气等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理，这些题目一般都是深层意义的题目，他们没有明示，大多数属于模糊性的，甚至是模棱两可。
解答这类题时，同学们要注意从话题出发，充分运用自己的逻辑思维能力，从文章的内在含义和字里行间中，从作者的态度和取向中获取信息，从而做出正确的判断。
3.听力和写作，重在积累。
在平时的练习中，听力往往没有受到同学们的重视，但是听力理解能力是语言学习和运用能力中最基本的能力，它一方面可以直接考查通过听的途径获取信息、分析信息并做出相应反应的能力，另一方面还可以间接考查口语能力。所以，听力考试不但是应试需要，也是提高学生英语综合素质的需要。建议选择课文磁带，英文报纸(SSP，21stCentury，EnglishTests)，相关听力材料等具有朴实、地道的语言特点，贴近生活、中学生喜闻乐见的事和熟悉的话题，每天坚持听说20～30分钟，保持耳朵对语言的敏感和熟悉程度，以便考试时尽快进入状态。
在练习听力和阅读的过程中，同时积累了词汇和句型，如果你能对这些好词好句进行仿写，那么，当你需要写作相关话题时，就能驾轻就熟。例如，英语报上描写Singapore的句子YourtourtoSingaporewillneverbecompletedunlessyouvisittheplacesofinterest，likeBirdPark，SingaporeZoo，andotherfamousplaces。被摘录下来，当同学们在学习完9BUnit3之，完成作文描写一个景点的时候，就能用到它了，它能为你的文章增色不少呢!
最后，我们要努力做到“活在当下”，也就是说认真对待每一个月、每一个星期、每一天，上好每一节课，做好每一道题，认真对待每一次考试……(做好每一个“一”)，想想每一步都走好了，最后的成绩能不理想吗?尽自己最大的努力，如果我们能做到最好的自己，我们就是成功者。
